Questions and Answers

Who hardened Pharoah's heart?

They both did. 

People often react very differently to God's actions. For example, let's imagine that God invoked some calamity on people as a judgment for their sin. Some people would respond and repent. Many would simply harden their heart and blame God. Thus, by bringing about this calamity, some might be saved, but God could be said that have indirectly hardened the hearts of others.

Of course, sometimes you don't need calamity. I'm sure many Christian's can testify of varying evangelistic experiences. After months of witnessing, some become saved. But sometimes, those who come awful close to being saved back away and become more rebellious than ever, their hearts being more hardened than ever after being touched by the convicting hand of the Holy Spirit.

• Exodus 4:21 - I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go
• Exodus 9:12 - The LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart

• Exodus 8:15 - When Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart